#13
Aluminium
post-transition metal· Solid·26.98153857 u
Aluminium (or aluminum; see different endings) is a chemical element in the boron group with symbol Al and atomic number 13. It is a silvery-white, soft, nonmagnetic, ductile metal. Aluminium is the third most abundant element (after oxygen and silicon), and the most abundant metal, in the Earth's crust.
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Identity
- Symbol
- Al
- Atomic Number
- 13
- Atomic Mass
- 26.98153857 u
- Category
- post-transition metal
- Block
- p-block
- Period
- 3
- Group
- 13
- Appearance
- silvery gray metallic
- Year Discovered
- 1825 CE
- Discovered By
- Hans Christian Ørsted
- Named By
- Humphry Davy
Electrons
- Configuration
- [Ne] 3s2 3p1
- Full Configuration
- 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p1
- Shells
- 2, 8, 3
- Electronegativity
- 1.61
- Electron Affinity
- 41.762
- Oxidation States
- +3
- Ionization Energies
- 577.5, 1816.7, 2744.8, 11577, 14842 … +8 more
Physical Properties
- State at
- Solid
- Melting Point
- 933.47
- Boiling Point
- 2743
- Density
- 2.7
- Molar Heat
- 24.2 J/(mol·K)
- Crystal Structure
- FCC
- Magnetic Ordering
- Paramagnetic
Mechanical
- Atomic Radius
- 118 pm
- Covalent Radius
- 121 pm
- Van der Waals
- 184 pm
- Metallic Radius
- 143 pm
- Mohs Hardness
- 2.75
- Brinell Hardness
- 245 MPa MPa
- Vickers Hardness
- 167 MPa MPa
- Bulk Modulus
- 76 GPa GPa
- Shear Modulus
- 26 GPa GPa
- Young's Modulus
- 70 GPa GPa
Thermal & Electrical
- Thermal Conductivity
- 237 W/(m K) W/(m·K)
- Electrical Conductivity
- 35000000 S/m S/m
- Specific Heat
- 897 J/(kg K) J/(g·K)
- Heat of Vaporization
- 284 kJ/mol kJ/mol
- Heat of Fusion
- 10.7 kJ/mol kJ/mol
Abundance
- Universe
- 58 ppm
- Sun
- 60 ppm
- Meteorite
- 9300 ppm
- Earth's Crust
- 2.7 ppm
- Ocean
- 2.00 ppb
- Human Body
- 900 ppb