#56
Barium
alkaline earth metal· Solid·137.3277 u
Barium is a chemical element with symbol Ba and atomic number 56. It is the fifth element in Group 2, a soft silvery metallic alkaline earth metal. Because of its high chemical reactivity barium is never found in nature as a free element.
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Identity
- Symbol
- Ba
- Atomic Number
- 56
- Atomic Mass
- 137.3277 u
- Category
- alkaline earth metal
- Block
- s-block
- Period
- 6
- Group
- 2
- Appearance
- Chemical element with atomic number 56 (Ba)
- Year Discovered
- 1808 CE
- Discovered By
- Carl Wilhelm Scheele
- Named By
- weight
Electrons
- Configuration
- [Xe] 6s2
- Full Configuration
- 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2
- Shells
- 2, 8, 18, 18, 8, 2
- Electronegativity
- 0.89
- Electron Affinity
- 13.954
- Oxidation States
- +2
- Ionization Energies
- 502.9, 965.2, 3600
Physical Properties
- State at
- Solid
- Melting Point
- 1000
- Boiling Point
- 2118
- Density
- 3.51
- Molar Heat
- 28.07 J/(mol·K)
- Crystal Structure
- BCC
- Magnetic Ordering
- Paramagnetic
Mechanical
- Atomic Radius
- 253 pm
- Covalent Radius
- 215 pm
- Van der Waals
- 268 pm
- Metallic Radius
- 222 pm
- Mohs Hardness
- 1.25
- Brinell Hardness
- 56 MPa MPa
- Bulk Modulus
- 9.6 GPa GPa
- Shear Modulus
- 4.9 GPa GPa
- Young's Modulus
- 13 GPa GPa
Thermal & Electrical
- Thermal Conductivity
- 18.4 W/(m K) W/(m·K)
- Electrical Conductivity
- 3 MS/m S/m
- Specific Heat
- 204 J/(kg K) J/(g·K)
- Heat of Vaporization
- 140 kJ/mol kJ/mol
- Heat of Fusion
- 7.12 kJ/mol kJ/mol
Abundance
- Universe
- 10.0 ppb
- Sun
- 10.0 ppb
- Meteorite
- 2.3 ppm
- Earth's Crust
- 3.338 ppm
- Ocean
- 13.0 ppb
- Human Body
- 300 ppb