#77
Iridium
transition metal· Solid·192.2173 u
Iridium is a chemical element with symbol Ir and atomic number 77. A very hard, brittle, silvery-white transition metal of the platinum group, iridium is generally credited with being the second densest element (after osmium) based on measured density, although calculations involving the space lattices of the elements show that iridium is denser. It is also the most corrosion-resistant metal, even at temperatures as high as 2000 °C. Although only certain molten salts and halogens are corrosive to solid iridium, finely divided iridium dust is much more reactive and can be flammable.
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Identity
- Symbol
- Ir
- Atomic Number
- 77
- Atomic Mass
- 192.2173 u
- Category
- transition metal
- Block
- d-block
- Period
- 6
- Group
- 9
- Appearance
- silvery white
- Year Discovered
- 1803 CE
- Discovered By
- Smithson Tennant
- Named By
- Iris
Electrons
- Configuration
- [Xe] 4f14 5d7 6s2
- Full Configuration
- 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d7
- Shells
- 2, 8, 18, 32, 15, 2
- Electronegativity
- 2.2
- Electron Affinity
- 150.94
- Oxidation States
- +4, +3
- Ionization Energies
- 880, 1600
Physical Properties

- State at
- Solid
- Melting Point
- 2719
- Boiling Point
- 4403
- Density
- 22.56
- Molar Heat
- 25.1 J/(mol·K)
- Crystal Structure
- FCC
- Magnetic Ordering
- Paramagnetic
Mechanical
- Covalent Radius
- 141 pm
- Van der Waals
- 202 pm
- Metallic Radius
- 136 pm
- Mohs Hardness
- 6.5
- Brinell Hardness
- 1670 MPa MPa
- Vickers Hardness
- 1760 MPa MPa
- Bulk Modulus
- 320 GPa GPa
- Shear Modulus
- 210 GPa GPa
- Young's Modulus
- 528 GPa GPa
Thermal & Electrical
- Thermal Conductivity
- 147 W/(m K) W/(m·K)
- Electrical Conductivity
- 21.1 MS/m S/m
- Specific Heat
- 131 J/(kg K) J/(g·K)
- Heat of Vaporization
- 564 kJ/mol kJ/mol
- Heat of Fusion
- 41.1 kJ/mol kJ/mol
Abundance
- Universe
- 2.00 ppb
- Sun
- 2.00 ppb
- Meteorite
- 460 ppb
- Earth's Crust
- 1.00 ppb
- Ocean
- 1 ppt
- Human Body
- 0