#29
Copper
transition metal· Solid·63.5463 u
Copper is a chemical element with symbol Cu (from Latin:cuprum) and atomic number 29. It is a soft, malleable and ductile metal with very high thermal and electrical conductivity. A freshly exposed surface of pure copper has a reddish-orange color.
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Identity
- Symbol
- Cu
- Atomic Number
- 29
- Atomic Mass
- 63.5463 u
- Category
- transition metal
- Block
- d-block
- Period
- 4
- Group
- 11
- Appearance
- red-orange metallic luster
- Year Discovered
- Ancient
- Discovered By
- Middle East
- Named By
- Cyprus
Electrons
- Configuration
- [Ar] 3d10 4s1
- Full Configuration
- 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s1 3d10
- Shells
- 2, 8, 18, 1
- Electronegativity
- 1.9
- Electron Affinity
- 119.235
- Oxidation States
- +2, +1
- Ionization Energies
- 745.5, 1957.9, 3555, 5536, 7700 … +24 more
Physical Properties
- State at
- Solid
- Melting Point
- 1357.77
- Boiling Point
- 2835
- Density
- 8.96
- Molar Heat
- 24.44 J/(mol·K)
- Crystal Structure
- FCC
- Magnetic Ordering
- Diamagnetic
Mechanical
- Atomic Radius
- 145 pm
- Covalent Radius
- 132 pm
- Van der Waals
- 140 pm
- Metallic Radius
- 128 pm
- Mohs Hardness
- 3
- Brinell Hardness
- 874 MPa MPa
- Vickers Hardness
- 369 MPa MPa
- Bulk Modulus
- 140 GPa GPa
- Shear Modulus
- 48 GPa GPa
- Young's Modulus
- 130 GPa GPa
Thermal & Electrical
- Thermal Conductivity
- 401 W/(m K) W/(m·K)
- Electrical Conductivity
- 59.6 MS/m S/m
- Specific Heat
- 385 J/(kg K) J/(g·K)
- Heat of Vaporization
- 300 kJ/mol kJ/mol
- Heat of Fusion
- 13.3 kJ/mol kJ/mol
Abundance
- Universe
- 60.0 ppb
- Sun
- 700 ppb
- Meteorite
- 110 ppm
- Earth's Crust
- 8.94 ppm
- Ocean
- 250 ppt
- Human Body
- 1 ppm