#8
Oxygen
diatomic nonmetal· Gas·15.999 u
Oxygen is a chemical element with symbol O and atomic number 8. It is a member of the chalcogen group on the periodic table and is a highly reactive nonmetal and oxidizing agent that readily forms compounds (notably oxides) with most elements. By mass, oxygen is the third-most abundant element in the universe, after hydrogen and helium.
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Identity
- Symbol
- O
- Atomic Number
- 8
- Atomic Mass
- 15.999 u
- Category
- diatomic nonmetal
- Block
- p-block
- Period
- 2
- Group
- 16
- Appearance
- Chemical element with atomic number 8 (O)
- Year Discovered
- 1771 CE
- Discovered By
- Carl Wilhelm Scheele
- Named By
- Antoine Lavoisier
Electrons
- Configuration
- [He] 2s2 2p4
- Full Configuration
- 1s2 2s2 2p4
- Shells
- 2, 6
- Electronegativity
- 3.44
- Electron Affinity
- 140.976
- Oxidation States
- -2
- Ionization Energies
- 1313.9, 3388.3, 5300.5, 7469.2, 10989.5 … +3 more
Physical Properties
- State at
- Gas
- Melting Point
- 54.36
- Boiling Point
- 90.188
- Density
- 1.429
- Crystal Structure
- Simple Cubic
- Magnetic Ordering
- Paramagnetic
Mechanical
- Atomic Radius
- 48 pm
- Covalent Radius
- 63 pm
- Van der Waals
- 152 pm
Thermal & Electrical
- Thermal Conductivity
- 0.02658 W/(m K) W/(m·K)
- Specific Heat
- 918 J/(kg K) J/(g·K)
- Heat of Vaporization
- 3.41 kJ/mol kJ/mol
- Heat of Fusion
- 0.222 kJ/mol kJ/mol
Abundance
- Universe
- 1.04%
- Sun
- 9000 ppm
- Meteorite
- 40.0%
- Earth's Crust
- 46.1%
- Ocean
- 85.7%
- Human Body
- 61.0%