#37
Rubidium
alkali metal· Solid·85.46783 u
Rubidium is a chemical element with symbol Rb and atomic number 37. Rubidium is a soft, silvery-white metallic element of the alkali metal group, with an atomic mass of 85.4678. Elemental rubidium is highly reactive, with properties similar to those of other alkali metals, such as very rapid oxidation in air.
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Identity
- Symbol
- Rb
- Atomic Number
- 37
- Atomic Mass
- 85.46783 u
- Category
- alkali metal
- Block
- s-block
- Period
- 5
- Group
- 1
- Appearance
- grey white
- Year Discovered
- 1861 CE
- Discovered By
- Robert Bunsen
- Named By
- red
Electrons
- Configuration
- [Kr] 5s1
- Full Configuration
- 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s1
- Shells
- 2, 8, 18, 8, 1
- Electronegativity
- 0.82
- Electron Affinity
- 46.884
- Oxidation States
- +1
- Ionization Energies
- 403, 2633, 3860, 5080, 6850 … +5 more
Physical Properties
- State at
- Solid
- Melting Point
- 312.45
- Boiling Point
- 961
- Density
- 1.532
- Molar Heat
- 31.06 J/(mol·K)
- Crystal Structure
- BCC
- Magnetic Ordering
- Paramagnetic
Mechanical
- Atomic Radius
- 265 pm
- Covalent Radius
- 220 pm
- Van der Waals
- 303 pm
- Metallic Radius
- 248 pm
- Mohs Hardness
- 0.3
- Brinell Hardness
- 0.216 MPa MPa
- Bulk Modulus
- 2.5 GPa GPa
- Shear Modulus
- 0.91 GPa GPa
- Young's Modulus
- 2.4 GPa GPa
Thermal & Electrical
- Thermal Conductivity
- 58.2 W/(m K) W/(m·K)
- Electrical Conductivity
- 8 MS/m S/m
- Specific Heat
- 363 J/(kg K) J/(g·K)
- Heat of Vaporization
- 75.8 kJ/mol kJ/mol
- Heat of Fusion
- 2.19 kJ/mol kJ/mol
Abundance
- Universe
- 10.0 ppb
- Sun
- 10.0 ppb
- Meteorite
- 1.9 ppm
- Earth's Crust
- 90 ppm
- Ocean
- 120 ppb
- Human Body
- 4.6 ppm