#11
Sodium
alkali metal· Solid·22.989769282 u
Sodium /ˈsoʊdiəm/ is a chemical element with symbol Na (from Ancient Greek Νάτριο) and atomic number 11. It is a soft, silver-white, highly reactive metal. In the Periodic table it is in column 1 (alkali metals), and shares with the other six elements in that column that it has a single electron in its outer shell, which it readily donates, creating a positively charged atom - a cation.
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Identity
- Symbol
- Na
- Atomic Number
- 11
- Atomic Mass
- 22.989769282 u
- Category
- alkali metal
- Block
- s-block
- Period
- 3
- Group
- 1
- Appearance
- silvery white metallic
- Year Discovered
- 1807 CE
- Discovered By
- Humphry Davy
- Named By
- natron
Electrons
- Configuration
- [Ne] 3s1
- Full Configuration
- 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1
- Shells
- 2, 8, 1
- Electronegativity
- 0.93
- Electron Affinity
- 52.867
- Oxidation States
- +1
- Ionization Energies
- 495.8, 4562, 6910.3, 9543, 13354 … +6 more
Physical Properties
- State at
- Solid
- Melting Point
- 370.944
- Boiling Point
- 1156.09
- Density
- 0.968
- Molar Heat
- 28.23 J/(mol·K)
- Crystal Structure
- BCC
- Magnetic Ordering
- Paramagnetic
Mechanical
- Atomic Radius
- 190 pm
- Covalent Radius
- 166 pm
- Van der Waals
- 227 pm
- Metallic Radius
- 186 pm
- Mohs Hardness
- 0.5
- Brinell Hardness
- 0.69 MPa MPa
- Bulk Modulus
- 6.3 GPa GPa
- Shear Modulus
- 3.3 GPa GPa
- Young's Modulus
- 10 GPa GPa
Thermal & Electrical
- Thermal Conductivity
- 142 W/(m K) W/(m·K)
- Electrical Conductivity
- 21 MS/m S/m
- Specific Heat
- 1228 J/(kg K) J/(g·K)
- Heat of Vaporization
- 97.4 kJ/mol kJ/mol
- Heat of Fusion
- 2.6 kJ/mol kJ/mol
Abundance
- Universe
- 33 ppm
- Sun
- 40 ppm
- Meteorite
- 5000 ppm
- Earth's Crust
- 2.36%
- Ocean
- 1.08%
- Human Body
- 1400 ppm