#51
Antimony
metalloid· Solid·121.7601 u
Antimony is a chemical element with symbol Sb (from Latin:stibium) and atomic number 51. A lustrous gray metalloid, it is found in nature mainly as the sulfide mineral stibnite (Sb2S3). Antimony compounds have been known since ancient times and were used for cosmetics; metallic antimony was also known, but it was erroneously identified as lead upon its discovery.
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Identity
- Symbol
- Sb
- Atomic Number
- 51
- Atomic Mass
- 121.7601 u
- Category
- metalloid
- Block
- p-block
- Period
- 5
- Group
- 15
- Appearance
- silvery lustrous gray
- Year Discovered
- Ancient
- Discovered By
- unknown, before 3000 BC
Electrons
- Configuration
- [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p3
- Full Configuration
- 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p3
- Shells
- 2, 8, 18, 18, 5
- Electronegativity
- 2.05
- Electron Affinity
- 101.059
- Oxidation States
- +5, +3, -3
- Ionization Energies
- 834, 1594.9, 2440, 4260, 5400 … +1 more
Physical Properties
- State at
- Solid
- Melting Point
- 903.78
- Boiling Point
- 1908
- Density
- 6.697
- Molar Heat
- 25.23 J/(mol·K)
- Crystal Structure
- Rhombohedral
- Magnetic Ordering
- Diamagnetic
Mechanical
- Atomic Radius
- 133 pm
- Covalent Radius
- 139 pm
- Van der Waals
- 206 pm
- Metallic Radius
- 140 pm
- Mohs Hardness
- 3
- Brinell Hardness
- 294 MPa MPa
- Vickers Hardness
- 294 MPa MPa
- Bulk Modulus
- 42 GPa GPa
- Shear Modulus
- 20 GPa GPa
- Young's Modulus
- 55 GPa GPa
Thermal & Electrical
- Thermal Conductivity
- 24.4 W/(m K) W/(m·K)
- Electrical Conductivity
- 2.88 MS/m S/m
- Specific Heat
- 207 J/(kg K) J/(g·K)
- Heat of Vaporization
- 193 kJ/mol kJ/mol
- Heat of Fusion
- 19.8 kJ/mol kJ/mol
Abundance
- Universe
- 400 ppt
- Sun
- 1.00 ppb
- Meteorite
- 68.0 ppb
- Earth's Crust
- 6.69 ppm
- Ocean
- 240 ppt
- Human Body
- 0