#53
Iodine
diatomic nonmetal· Solid·126.904473 u
Iodine is a chemical element with symbol I and atomic number 53. The name is from Greek ἰοειδής ioeidēs, meaning violet or purple, due to the color of iodine vapor. Iodine and its compounds are primarily used in nutrition, and industrially in the production of acetic acid and certain polymers.
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Identity
- Symbol
- I
- Atomic Number
- 53
- Atomic Mass
- 126.904473 u
- Category
- diatomic nonmetal
- Block
- p-block
- Period
- 5
- Group
- 17
- Appearance
- lustrous metallic gray, violet as a gas
- Year Discovered
- 1811 CE
- Discovered By
- Bernard Courtois
- Named By
- violet
Electrons
- Configuration
- [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p5
- Full Configuration
- 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p5
- Shells
- 2, 8, 18, 18, 7
- Electronegativity
- 2.66
- Electron Affinity
- 295.1531
- Oxidation States
- +7, +5, +1, -1
- Ionization Energies
- 1008.4, 1845.9, 3180
Physical Properties
- State at
- Solid
- Melting Point
- 386.85
- Boiling Point
- 457.4
- Density
- 4.933
- Crystal Structure
- Orthorhombic
- Magnetic Ordering
- Diamagnetic
Mechanical
- Atomic Radius
- 115 pm
- Covalent Radius
- 139 pm
- Van der Waals
- 198 pm
Thermal & Electrical
- Thermal Conductivity
- 0.449 W/(m K) W/(m·K)
- Specific Heat
- 214 J/(kg K) J/(g·K)
- Heat of Vaporization
- 20.9 kJ/mol kJ/mol
- Heat of Fusion
- 7.76 kJ/mol kJ/mol
Abundance
- Universe
- 1.00 ppb
- Sun
- 0
- Meteorite
- 23.0 ppb
- Earth's Crust
- 450 ppb
- Ocean
- 60.0 ppb
- Human Body
- 200 ppb