#12
Magnesium
alkaline earth metal· Solid·24.305 u
Magnesium is a chemical element with symbol Mg and atomic number 12. It is a shiny gray solid which bears a close physical resemblance to the other five elements in the second column (Group 2, or alkaline earth metals) of the periodic table:they each have the same electron configuration in their outer electron shell producing a similar crystal structure. Magnesium is the ninth most abundant element in the universe.
Read on Wikipedia
Identity
- Symbol
- Mg
- Atomic Number
- 12
- Atomic Mass
- 24.305 u
- Category
- alkaline earth metal
- Block
- s-block
- Period
- 3
- Group
- 2
- Appearance
- shiny grey solid
- Year Discovered
- 1755 CE
- Discovered By
- Joseph Black
- Named By
- magnesium oxide
Electrons
- Configuration
- [Ne] 3s2
- Full Configuration
- 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2
- Shells
- 2, 8, 2
- Electronegativity
- 1.31
- Electron Affinity
- -40
- Oxidation States
- +2
- Ionization Energies
- 737.7, 1450.7, 7732.7, 10542.5, 13630 … +7 more
Physical Properties
- State at
- Solid
- Melting Point
- 923
- Boiling Point
- 1363
- Density
- 1.738
- Molar Heat
- 24.869 J/(mol·K)
- Crystal Structure
- HEX
- Magnetic Ordering
- Paramagnetic
Mechanical
- Atomic Radius
- 145 pm
- Covalent Radius
- 141 pm
- Van der Waals
- 173 pm
- Metallic Radius
- 160 pm
- Mohs Hardness
- 2.5
- Brinell Hardness
- 260 MPa MPa
- Vickers Hardness
- 608 MPa MPa
- Bulk Modulus
- 45 GPa GPa
- Shear Modulus
- 17 GPa GPa
- Young's Modulus
- 45 GPa GPa
Thermal & Electrical
- Thermal Conductivity
- 156 W/(m K) W/(m·K)
- Electrical Conductivity
- 21500000 S/m S/m
- Specific Heat
- 1023 J/(kg K) J/(g·K)
- Heat of Vaporization
- 128 kJ/mol kJ/mol
- Heat of Fusion
- 8.48 kJ/mol kJ/mol
Abundance
- Universe
- 580 ppm
- Sun
- 700 ppm
- Meteorite
- 12.0%
- Earth's Crust
- 2.33%
- Ocean
- 1290 ppm
- Human Body
- 270 ppm