64
Gd
Gadolinium
157.253
28182592
#64
Gadolinium
lanthanide· Solid·157.253 u
Gadolinium is a chemical element with symbol Gd and atomic number 64. It is a silvery-white, malleable and ductile rare-earth metal. It is found in nature only in combined (salt) form.
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Identity
- Symbol
- Gd
- Atomic Number
- 64
- Atomic Mass
- 157.253 u
- Category
- lanthanide
- Block
- f-block
- Period
- 6
- Group
- 3
- Appearance
- silvery white
- Year Discovered
- 1880 CE
- Discovered By
- Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac
- Named By
- Johan Gadolin
Electrons
- Configuration
- [Xe] 4f7 5d1 6s2
- Full Configuration
- 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f7 5d1
- Shells
- 2, 8, 18, 25, 9, 2
- Electronegativity
- 1.2
- Electron Affinity
- 13.22
- Oxidation States
- +3
- Ionization Energies
- 593.4, 1170, 1990, 4250
Physical Properties
- State at
- Solid
- Melting Point
- 1585
- Boiling Point
- 3273
- Density
- 7.9
- Molar Heat
- 37.03 J/(mol·K)
- Crystal Structure
- HEX
- Magnetic Ordering
- Ferromagnetic
Mechanical
- Covalent Radius
- 196 pm
- Metallic Radius
- 180 pm
- Mohs Hardness
- 2
- Bulk Modulus
- 37.9 GPa GPa
- Shear Modulus
- 21.8 GPa GPa
- Young's Modulus
- 54.8 GPa GPa
Thermal & Electrical
- Thermal Conductivity
- 10.6 W/(m K) W/(m·K)
- Electrical Conductivity
- 0.736 MS/m S/m
- Specific Heat
- 236 J/(kg K) J/(g·K)
- Heat of Vaporization
- 301 kJ/mol kJ/mol
- Heat of Fusion
- 10.1 kJ/mol kJ/mol
Abundance
- Universe
- 2.00 ppb
- Sun
- 2.00 ppb
- Meteorite
- 170 ppb
- Earth's Crust
- 6.2 ppm
- Ocean
- 7e-7 ppm
- Human Body
- 0