#17
Chlorine
diatomic nonmetal· Gas·35.45 u
Chlorine is a chemical element with symbol Cl and atomic number 17. It also has a relative atomic mass of 35.5. Chlorine is in the halogen group (17) and is the second lightest halogen following fluorine.
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Identity
- Symbol
- Cl
- Atomic Number
- 17
- Atomic Mass
- 35.45 u
- Category
- diatomic nonmetal
- Block
- p-block
- Period
- 3
- Group
- 17
- Appearance
- pale yellow-green gas
- Year Discovered
- 1774 CE
- Discovered By
- Carl Wilhelm Scheele
- Named By
- green
Electrons
- Configuration
- [Ne] 3s2 3p5
- Full Configuration
- 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p5
- Shells
- 2, 8, 7
- Electronegativity
- 3.16
- Electron Affinity
- 348.575
- Oxidation States
- +7, +5, +1, -1
- Ionization Energies
- 1251.2, 2298, 3822, 5158.6, 6542 … +12 more
Physical Properties
- State at
- Gas
- Melting Point
- 171.6
- Boiling Point
- 239.11
- Density
- 3.2
- Crystal Structure
- Orthorhombic
- Magnetic Ordering
- Diamagnetic
Mechanical
- Atomic Radius
- 79 pm
- Covalent Radius
- 102 pm
- Van der Waals
- 175 pm
Thermal & Electrical
- Thermal Conductivity
- 0.0089 W/(m K) W/(m·K)
- Specific Heat
- 479 J/(kg K) J/(g·K)
- Heat of Vaporization
- 10.2 kJ/mol kJ/mol
- Heat of Fusion
- 3.2 kJ/mol kJ/mol
Abundance
- Universe
- 1 ppm
- Sun
- 8 ppm
- Meteorite
- 170 ppm
- Earth's Crust
- 145 ppm
- Ocean
- 1.94%
- Human Body
- 1200 ppm