#74
Tungsten
transition metal· Solid·183.841 u
Tungsten, also known as wolfram, is a chemical element with symbol W and atomic number 74. The word tungsten comes from the Swedish language tung sten, which directly translates to heavy stone. Its name in Swedish is volfram, however, in order to distinguish it from scheelite, which in Swedish is alternatively named tungsten.
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Identity
- Symbol
- W
- Atomic Number
- 74
- Atomic Mass
- 183.841 u
- Category
- transition metal
- Block
- d-block
- Period
- 6
- Group
- 6
- Appearance
- grayish white, lustrous
- Year Discovered
- 1783 CE
- Discovered By
- Carl Wilhelm Scheele
- Named By
- Canis lupus
Electrons
- Configuration
- [Xe] 4f14 5d4 6s2
- Full Configuration
- 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d4
- Shells
- 2, 8, 18, 32, 12, 2
- Electronegativity
- 2.36
- Electron Affinity
- 78.76
- Oxidation States
- +6
- Ionization Energies
- 770, 1700
Physical Properties
- State at
- Solid
- Melting Point
- 3695
- Boiling Point
- 6203
- Density
- 19.25
- Molar Heat
- 24.27 J/(mol·K)
- Crystal Structure
- BCC
- Magnetic Ordering
- Paramagnetic
Mechanical
- Covalent Radius
- 162 pm
- Van der Waals
- 210 pm
- Metallic Radius
- 139 pm
- Mohs Hardness
- 7.5
- Brinell Hardness
- 2570 MPa MPa
- Vickers Hardness
- 3430 MPa MPa
- Bulk Modulus
- 310 GPa GPa
- Shear Modulus
- 161 GPa GPa
- Young's Modulus
- 411 GPa GPa
Thermal & Electrical
- Thermal Conductivity
- 173 W/(m K) W/(m·K)
- Electrical Conductivity
- 20 MS/m S/m
- Specific Heat
- 132 J/(kg K) J/(g·K)
- Heat of Vaporization
- 774 kJ/mol kJ/mol
- Heat of Fusion
- 52.3 kJ/mol kJ/mol
Abundance
- Universe
- 500 ppt
- Sun
- 1.00 ppb
- Meteorite
- 120 ppb
- Earth's Crust
- 19.3 ppm
- Ocean
- 100 ppt
- Human Body
- 0